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第3号
小林 玲子 Reiko Kobayashi統監府・朝鮮総督府による間島および豆満江における取締と警備体制 ——1907年〜1910年を中心に——
Regulation and Defense of the Kando and Tuman Rivers by the Residency General and Korean Government General, 1907-1910
2007年07月 発行
[ 要旨 ]
この論文には日本語要旨はありません
[ Abstract ]
Japan started to directly intervene in Kando (currently a region that corresponds to the Korean Autonomy in Yanbian, Xilin Province, China) in August 1907, when Japan established an office of Residency-General in the Korean Empire which had become Japan’s protectorate, and dispatched the Kando Military Police. Such measures were established in the name of “protecting” the Korean people living in Kando, however, the real objective was to suppress ethnic independence movements in this region. In September 1909, Japan and China signed the “Kando Treaty” which made Kando Chinese territory and the numerous Korean people living in Kando were now under the jurisdiction of China.
The theme of this paper is to analyze the regulation and defense against the rising Korean ethnic independent movements in Kando and the southern banks of the Tuman River after Japan had started to directly intervene in Kando and the “Kando Treaty” was signed up until the “Korean annexation”. While doing so, the paper will also examine the perception and transition of the regulations toward overseas Korean people by Japan.
The conclusion drawn from this study can be summarized into the following 3 points: (1) While Japan had gradually increased the number of military police dispatched to Kando from 1907 to 1909, the 2 direct reasons for the increase were to regulate the ethnic independence movements and to act as countermeasures against the Chinese military police; (2) The Kando Military Police had to withdrawal from the area after the signing of the “Kando Treaty”, therefore, Japan reorganized the Military Police stationed in Korea and newly established the Kyoujo detachment (later Kyoujo Military Police) and placed numerous military police concentrated in the border area between Japan and China. In other words, officially Japan could not dispatch their military police to Kando which was now part of China, therefore, Japan substantially increased the defense around the border area; (3) On the other hand, since Kando had become Chinese territory, Japan established its Consulate-General and offices. Following this, a consulate police squad was established, however, the Government-General (Korean Government-General) dispatched 5 military police from the Military Police stationed in Korea who were given a new position as consulate police officers. Thus, Japan was able to continue its regulation of ethnic independence movements in Kando even after the signing of the “Kando Treaty”.