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第2号
渡辺 雅男 Masao Watanabe現代市民社会論の源流 ——高島善哉の「市民制社会」概念——
Zenya Takashima as a Source of Conseptual Models of Civil Society in Japan
2007年03月 発行
[ 要旨 ]
この論文には日本語要旨はありません
[ Abstract ]
This paper will introduce the theory of Zenya Takashima, which is said to be the origin of the theory on civil society in Japan, investigate the possibility of the contemporary development of the theory, and attempt to examine the theoretical characteristic of civil society that should be constructed along with class society theory.
The first person to introduce the sociological concept of civil society in pre-war Japan was Kinosuke Otsuka (1892-1977) who returned to Japan from his studies in Europe. The young Zenya Takashima, who was Otsuka’s student, directly took over the issue. The school atmosphere of Hitotsubashi University (Tokyo University of Commerce at the time), which was in a stage of transition to become a comprehensive social science university after having been promoted to a university, played a significant role. Takashima’s unique understanding of civil society, which considers society as a system of production, not capitalism nor socialism, departs from here. Takashima’s theory on civil society differed from other theories on civil society that emphasized the political and ideological stances that appeared in the post-war period, and rather sought for a concept of civil society in the analytical framework of the social sciences, toward which his efforts in the end led to his unique concept of civil society as demonstrated in his later years. This paper comparatively examines Takashima’s theory with C. B. Macpherson’s possessive individualism and T. H. Marshall’s theory on citizenship, and develops the principle of civil society that has been expanded through the institutionalization of economy (market), politics (parliament), and society (welfare).