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第3号
神﨑 豊 Yutaka Kanzaki皇室における公職追放問題 ——裕仁天皇と成年に達した皇族男子の場合——
The Purging from Public Office of the Menbers of the Japanese Imperial House : The Cases of Emperor Hirohito and the Male Members of the Imperial Family Having Reached their Majority
2007年07月 発行
[ 要旨 ]
この論文には日本語要旨はありません
[ Abstract ]
After the army and navy was abolished in Japan, the General Headquarters /Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (GHQ) issued “the Memorandum concerning Removal and Exclusion of Undesirable Personnel from Public Office” (SCAPIN 550) to the Japanese government, which denoted the removal and exclusion of any person who had at any time been a “commissioned officer in the Imperial Japanese Regular Army or Navy”. This paper will discuss the purging from public office of Emperor Hirohito (Emperor Showa) and the male members of the Imperial Family while focusing on the point that Hirohito had ascended the Imperial Throne after taking office as army and naval officer and commanded both the army and navy while all of the 3 Imperial Princes (Shinno) and 12 Princes (O), who were the male members of the Imperial Family having reached their majority, also took office as army or naval officers as well.
Even after general laws and ordinances based on the Constitution of Japan and the present day Imperial House Law were applied to Emperor Hirohito, he did not take office as a commissioned officer in the Imperial Japanese Regular Army or Navy, therefore the Prime Minister could not designate him as a person who fell under SCAPIN 550. In addition, GHQ did not issue a memorandum that stated the removal and exclusion of Hirohito to Japan again. The 3 Imperial Princes and 12 Princes had taken office as commissioned officers in the Imperial Japanese Regular Army or Navy, therefore the 11 Princes (one Prince died before the present day Imperial House Law came into force) under the present day Imperial House Law left or lost the status of the Imperial Family member and were deemed to be persons who were designated as falling under SCAPIN 550 by the Prime Minister (persons who fell under the memorandum), however, the 3 Imperial Princes were not designated as persons who fell under SCAPIN 550 by the Prime Minister. Moreover, the rank of Emperor and Regency were not designated as public office subject for purge. However, should Hirohito and the 3 Imperial Princes have been persons who fell under the memorandum, then it would have prevented Hirohito from using the Inner Court Appropriation and the 3 Imperial Princes from obtaining the Imperial Family Appropriations, which inevitably would have prevented Hirohito from remaining as the Emperor and the 3 Imperial Princes from assuming the Regency.
The issue and discussion on war responsibilities of not only Hirohito but also members of the Imperial Family may have taken a different turn should the significance and importance of the purging from public office of the members of the Imperial House have been recognized and discussed thoroughly in the Japanese society at the time.