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創刊号
林 大樹 Hiroki Hayashi日本におけるコミュニティビジネスと社会起業家の可能性
Potentiality for Community Business and for Social Entrepreneur in Japan
2007年01月 発行
[ 要旨 ]
この論文には日本語要旨はありません
[ Abstract ]
In recent years, many countries have focused and shifted their attention to the civil sector domain, which covers the gap between the administrative sector and business sector. The typical activity of the civil sector domain is that of community business and the typical figure of individual who is assumed to work in this sector is that of a social entrepreneur.
The following main typology can be identified when we focus on the background of the people who are social entrepreneurs or responsible for community business in contemporary Japan. There are 7 typologies and when listing them in the order of appearance it looks as follows: (1) people who have “revitalized work” through creating business collective groups such as a worker’s collective: (2) cases where people who participated in civil movements form and establish a project-based NPO; (3) cases where people establish a nursing care insurance service business after quitting working as volunteers due to nursing care insurance; (4) people who start up a business after retiring; (5) women who start up a business that are looking to secure a lifestyle that includes work, life and balance; (6) young people of the post IT bubble generation that start up a business in order to make a social contribution; (7) people who start up a business after receiving assistance from the local government through a business support policy.
As mentioned above, there are various types of social entrepreneurs in Japan. The domain of activities of such social entrepreneurs does often overlap with the domain of activities of the traditional civil and business sectors, however when we consider the direction of the development of the civil sector in the future, it is necessary to focus on social entrepreneurs that aim to accomplish both the goals of expansion and publicity of mission standard and the commercialization and profitability of project standard. The main distinct role of social entrepreneurs is to create and manage projects for social business.
In the future, talented social entrepreneurs should be evaluated and training programs should be designed and developed which would expand the potentiality of social entrepreneurs, who are key persons for the construction of civil society.